Statistical Research Method-descriptive and inferential
In
general, statistical research methods are divided into two namely descriptive statistics and inferential statistics.
Descriptive Statistics is
a statistical technique related to various data collection, organizing,
simplifying and presenting data techniques in a form that is easier to
understand, for example in the form of tables or graphs. Data simplification
techniques are usually accompanied by an explanation of certain characteristics
of the data such as the size of the concentration of the data, the size of the
spread of the data.
In
descriptive statistics do not intend to make conclusions involving the analysis
of hypothesis testing. Descriptive statistics are used only to simplify and
organize data to obtain an overall picture of the variables or characteristics
studied or observed.
Inferential Statistics is
a statistical technique related to data analysis (samples) to then draw
conclusions that are generalized to all subjects from which the sample data is
taken from the population.
Example:
For
example, it is known that the 5% admission data for 5 years at a University is
the result of a scholarship path. The 5% numeric value is a descriptive
statistic. If based on these data it must be concluded that the opportunity
received through the scholarship is more than 5%, it means that you have done
inferential statistics, which of course requires drawing conclusions
One
of the main aspects of inferential statistics is the process of using sample
statistical values ??in decision making related to the actual population
parameter values. With the increase in population, the cost and time needed to
obtain information from the entire population will be greater and more
difficult to implement. So conclusions about population characteristics must be
determined based on information obtained from samples taken from the
population. To bridge the relationship between sample results and population, a
probability theory is needed so that it can be measured to what extent the
sample information reflects or represents the population. The measurement is
done through an examination of the properties of the sampling distribution.
Flow
Chart Relationship between descriptive statistics with inferential statistics.
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