Definition of Statistics and Statistic
History of Statistics
If
we look at the age of statistics is a science that is still relatively young at
that time than mathematics, and physics. The development of statistical science
began since Carl Friedrich Gaus developed the Least Squares Method in an effort
to increase the duration of physical measurements in 1800.
Furthermore,
the development of statistics took place quickly where R.A. Fisher gave a huge
boost to the development and use of the experimental design in 1890 to 1962.
Then J. Neyman (1894) and E.S. Pearson (1895), famous for Neyman Pearson's
theorem in testing hypotheses in 1936 and 1938. The findings revealed by some
of these experts stimulated the majority of researchers to produce useful
research to date.
The
development of statistics allows us to get more complete information with the
use of increasingly complex analysis.
If
the term statistics comes from the Italian language "statista" which
means statesman, while by definition statistics is the study of how to plan,
collect, analyze, interpret, and present data. Where data can be interpreted as
the results of measurements or observations that have been collected. The data
used in the form of numbers, large-scale, facts or statements that describe the
differences or similarities of an individual or object based on
characteristics.
The
observation cluster is a characteristic that consists of all possible
measurement results called a population.
The population in question is the whole value or item that might be obtained as
a result of observation in a particular problem. For example, we will conduct
research to determine the level of consumer satisfaction in Ohama-America
regarding the use of Berkshire Hathaway Company's Health Insurance Services, so
as researchers we must be able to clearly define who is meant by consumers in
Ohama.
This
population is only focused on collecting data concerning the characteristics of
a group of individuals or objects, especially in large numbers. Population can
be finite or infinite. Suppose that the population of all incandescent light
bulbs that are produced in a factory every day is finite (can be counted),
while the population of all the incidents of life of the incandescent bulb is
infinite.
One
of the things that is usually considered to observe all members of the
population is the problem of the length of time of observation and cost. How do
we observe the income of residents across America, if the costs and energy are
insufficient.
To
obtain a way to obtain information about the population, can be done by
observing a portion of the population so that the results can be used for
conclusions about the population under investigation. A portion of the
population used to study populations is a sample.
If a
sample is representative of a population, important conclusions about the
population can often be obtained from sample analysis.
Definition of Statistics and Statistic
Maybe
the readers are still confused about the notion of statistics and statistic
and often assume they have the same definition. Though there are fundamental
and significant differences in terms of understanding and function, goals and
classification.
Statistics is
a branch of mathematics that discusses scientific methods relating to data
collection techniques, presentation, and analysis of data, as well as drawing
valid conclusions and used in the decision-making process that can be accepted
based on analysis. Whereas statistic
are the description size of a sample obtained from the results of the data presented
in tables, graphs and so on.
Functions
and Role of Statistics.
Statistics
has a function and role that can be applied to everyday life. To get the
maximum function, it requires the application of statistics and statistic as a
whole, from taking data to drawing conclusions. Here are some functions and
roles of statistics.
- Statistics describe data in a particular form.
- Statistics can simplify complex data into data that is easy to understand.
- Statistics is a technique for making comparisons.
- Statistics can expand individual experiences.
- Statistics can measure the magnitude of a symptom.
- Statistics can determine cause-effect relationships.
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